2013年6月大学英语四级考试翻译:翻译中常见结构之并列结构
2013年6月大学英语四级考试翻译:翻译中常见结构之并列结构
内容概要
并列结构介绍
并列(coordination)与从属(subordination)是两种重要的表态手段,它们能够把两个或两个以上的信息连接起来表示出它们之间的相互关系,是同等的重要.还是有主次之分。比如这里有两句活:
Tom was doing his homework.
Jim was sleeping.
如果说话人认为这两句话所传递的信息在重要性上差不多是相等的,就可以把它们一前一后地排列起来,或者用并列连词把它们连接起来:
Tom was doing his homework. Jim was deeping
Tom was doing his homework,and Jim was sIeeping
如果在说话人看来,这两句话并非向等重要,便可以通过从属手段位次要的信息川现在从威分句中,而使主要的信息小现在主句中:
While Tom was doing his homework,Jim was sIeeping.
或者:
while Jim was sleeping,Tom was doing his homework.
在上述第一个复杂句中,说话人把jim was sleeping放在主导的地位,而在第二个复杂句中,则是把Tom was doing his homework
放在主导的地位。这样一来,原来的两句句话在语义上便有主次之分了。由此可见,并列与从属是在表意中权衡轻重,调节说话口气的语法手段之一。
并列结构的语法特征
并列结构可以是词和词的并列,可以是的组和词组的并列,也可以是分句和分句的并列。就并列项目的多少来说,并列结构既可以是双项并列,也可以是多项并列。